Cissy Houston, a singer whose career began in childhood and spanned generations and genres from gospel to pop, has died. As a child, Houston performed with her siblings, and she later sang backing vocals with Elvis Presley, Aretha Franklin, Van Morrison and more. She was also a renowned solo gospel artist and the mother of one of the biggest pop and R&B stars in the world, Whitney Houston. She was 91 years old.
Houston was born in 1933, as Emily Drinkard, in Newark, N.J., to a musically gifted family. As a child, she was expected to perform at local churches with her brothers and sisters.
“I was 5 years old and they had to put me on a stool in order to see me,” she told WHYY’s Fresh Air in 1998. “Of course, at 5 years old, I wanted to be out playing with everyone else and it was difficult for me. There was no question. I didn’t have a choice.”
Her family group, The Drinkard Singers, became one of the first groups to release a gospel album on a major record label. A Joyful Noise was released in 1959 by RCA Records.
In the 1960s, Houston decided she wanted to sing secular music and formed the group The Sweet Inspirations. Under Houston’s leadership, it earned a reputation as one of the best background groups in the business, appearing on hundreds of songs and helping to shape classics ranging from Van Morrison’s “Brown Eyed Girl” to Dusty Springfield’s “Son of A Preacher Man.”
The group’s first album, the self-titled The Sweet Inspirations recorded in 1967, peaked at No. 12 on Billboard’s Hot Soul Albums, and its crossover hit single “Sweet Inspiration” reached the top 20 of the Hot 100 singles chart.
Along with Sylvia Shemwell, Myrna Smith and Estelle Brown, Houston sang backup for Jimi Hendrix, Simon and Garfunkel, The Drifters, Wilson Pickett and Houston’s niece Dionne Warwick, who was once part of the group with her sister Dee Dee Warwick, before each became a solo artist.
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